Ryu, In Keun
'Cornerstone' is the small mixed-use building with 5 separate housing units and a cafeteria on ground-floor. It is located in a newly developed residential area full of buildings with similar height and shape, and occupies the very first lot of one monotonous block on edge, facing commercial area on the opposite side. I wanted the project reflect this site condition to stand as an ambiguous alien between residential and commercial block, as a heterogeneous thing from neighboring repetitious buildings.
Some logics from surrounding condition and local regulation derived the shape of this alien.
Ryu, In Keun
Following the local regulation, every ground-floor of this district can be occupied only by commercial facilities, and at least half of street-level facade should be made transparent. Most of the buildings followed this rule too much. They raised the mass up, emptied the ground-floor, and replaced the street-level facade with entirely transparent show-windows. This detached these buildings from the ground, and they lost weight to stand on the ground. However, I longed for my alien standing heavily on the ground as a 'cornerstone' of the town, as an unusual landmark between two blocks with opposite facilities. Instead of whole show-windows, large holes were dug out of the walls and this let the main facade material continuing down from top to hit the ground. However, by positioning these holes on corners, the building gives hint that the housing mass is actually lifted up and the street-level facade is not a structural thing indeed.
Ryu, In Keun
Another regulation is obliging the sloppy roof shape. This also worked very well and filled the skyline mostly with A-shaped roof with gables. However, in effort of forming one unified mass, I did not want a separate roof from its body. The direction of the slope was reversed to give the roof V-shape. This led the main material extending to the top, and hid the roof material inward. The mass looked higher and more solid than surrounding buildings though it actually is not, and became more alien.
Ryu, In Keun
Application of one single material is taking a great role as well to make one solid body from bottom to the top. Ceramic panels of 0.3m by 1.2m are covering overall facades. Each panel has thickness of just 3mm with reinforcement of glass-fiber behind. This is for shaping smoother cured surface by minimizing gaps between panels. In combination of these continuous material and every curved corner, the building mass transforms itself into a huge porcelain sculpture.
Cornerstone은 광교택지지구 내에 자리잡은 점포주택이다. 지구단위계획에 따라 이 지역은 1층에는 근린생활시설, 2~4층에는 다가구주택을 간직한 비슷한 크기의 건물들이 연달아 들어서있다. 계획대지는 그 중에서도 가장 앞, 동네의 초입에 위치하면서 주거지구와 상업·업무지구의 경계선에 위치한다. 이러한 주변환경, 주거와 상업의 혼합용도를 강제하는 지구단위계획을 반영하여 모호한 경계선상의 느낌을 주는 모습의 건물을 만들어내고자 했다. 주거단지 쪽에서 보면 도드라져서 조금은 외계인 같은 모습으로, 상업단지 쪽에서는 주거단지 속에 이상하게 끼어든 상가건물의 모습으로 보이고 싶었다.
매스의 형태는 크게 세가지 요인에 의해 결정되었다. 첫번째는 ‘모퉁이땅’이라는 특징이었다. 지구단위계획 지침 상의 1층에 상점이 들어가도록 해놓은 용도상의 제한과, 벽체의 50% 이상을 투시형으로 만들도록 한 조형적 제한사항에 따라서 이 지구 대부분의 건물들은 1층 전체를 쇼윈도로 하고 있고, 결과적으로 상부 매스는 한개층 띄워져 있는 듯한 느낌을 주고 있다. 하지만 이 건물의 경우는 모퉁이땅에 견고하고 묵직하게 박혀있으면서 동네 전체의 분위기를 잡아주기를 원했고, 1층의 개구율 규정을 지키면서도 땅과의 접점을 최대한으로 하려 하였다. 결국 상층부와 하층부의 재료를 구분하지 않고 이어내려 한 덩어리처럼 보이는 형태를 제시하였고, 이를 위해 1층의 개구부는 별도의 의장요소라기보다는 땅에 박혀있는 덩어리에 구멍을 파낸 것처럼 꾸며내었다.
두번째 요인은 법규제한사항들이었는데, 지구단위계획상에서 모퉁이 땅의 주차불허구간을 상당히 길게 잡아놓은 상태였고, 수원시의 주차관련법규도 타 지역보다 강한 편이었다. 이런 조건 하에서 건축주가 요구하는 세대수에 맞는 최소한의 주차를 수용하기 위해서는 주변 건물들보다 실질적인 매스의 크기가 작아져야 하는 상황이었고, 이 상황은 모뚱이땅을 꽉 차게 장악하려는 의도와 대치되는 것이었다. 더군다나 모퉁이 부분이 남향 부분이어서 내부 환경 측면에서도 그 부분의 매스를 포기할 수는 없는 상황이었고, 결과적으로 모퉁이 부분을 꽉 채운 상태에서 북쪽을 향해 좁아지는, 사방이 둥근 사다리꼴 형상의 평면 형태가 만들어지게 되었다. 경사지붕을 강제하고 있는 상황도 역으로 매스의 형태를 강조하는 데에 이용하였다. 기본적인 박공의 형태를 뒤집어 V자 형태를 택하였는데, 이는 거리에서 볼 때 건물이 상대적으로 높아보이는 효과를 주어서 모퉁이 땅을 장악하는 데에, 그리고 프로젝트가 주변과 구분되면서 랜드마크의 성격을 갖는 데에 도움을 주었다.
매스의 형태를 결정한 이후에 집중한 부분은 전체적으로 하나로 이어지는 덩어리를 강조할 수 있는 재료의 선택이었고, 박판세라믹 타일을 최종적으로 선택하였다. 사실 첫 인상에서부터 마음에 두었던 재료는 석재 외장이었지만 석재의 경우 유연한 곡면을 표현하기에 현실적인 비용상 문제가 많았다. 박판세라믹타일은 보다 저렴한 가격대에서 무거운 돌의 느낌을 최대한 비슷하게 표현하면서, 패널의 얇은 두께를 이용하여 곡선 형태도 보다 자연스럽게 만들어낼 수 있는 재료였다. 결과적으로 자연석재와는 다른 맛의, 커다란 도자기와 같은 모습이 만들어지게 되었다.
Architect: designband YOAP
Location : Suwon, Korea
Building use : Housing + Cafeteria
Site area : 268.50 m2
Structure : Reinforced concrete structure
Completion: 2015.5
Architecture : Design team : Hyun Bo Shin, Inkeun Ryu, Doran Kim
Construction team : Moowon construction
Structure engineering : Yongwoo engineering
Building equipment : Jungyeon engineering
Logo & signage : designband YOAP
Photograph : Ryu, In Keun
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